Identification of a seed-borne rice bacterium, Burkholderia glumae using cultural, morphological and biochemical methods

Burkholderia glumae is a seed-borne rice bacterium that causes bacterial panicle blight (BPB), which is a promising disease in many rice-growing areas around the world. The bacterium has been successfully grown on King’s B agar medium (KBM) at 280C for 48 hrs. It is Gram negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped with cell size 0.5 to 0.7 - 1.5 to 2.0 ?m with rounded ends. The colony appears as grayish white or yellow due to the pigment. The bacterium gave positive test in gelatin liquefaction, KOH solubility and nitrate reduction and while negative test in starch hydrolysis, oxidase reaction, levan production and arginine dihydrolase test. The bacterium utilized different carbon sources viz., sugars, amino acids, sugar alcohols and organic acids when examined through BiologTMGN2 Microplate System. This study would help in control and management of seed-borne bacterial plant pathogen B. glumae

The Outlook of Islamic Banking Model: Global & India Perspective

Islamic Banking Model is in the stage of evolving reality by continuously testing and refining. This paper examines the efficiency, growth, changes, challenge & outlook of Islamic banking Model by the different countries. However, Indian banks differ in their application. These differences are due to several reasons including the laws of the country, objectives of the RBI, individual bank’s circumstances and experiences, the need to interact with other interest-based banks, etc. There is no doubt that Islamic banking Model has a huge potential across world but for India it still need some strong policy decision to make it a reality. Keywords: Islamic banking; financial system; banking regulation; conventional accounting; Shariah

Capability Analysis of Attacks in Wireless Sensor Network

Security is key concern area in WSN as the nature of such networks makes them susceptible to various types of attacks. Driven by this, a lot of research work has been done to classify the attacks and their prevention schemes. In this paper, some well-known attacks are compared based on their severity in WSN. The behavior of black hole, gray hole and flooding attack is simulated and analyzed using ns2. The capability analysis is done on the parameters such aspacket delivery ratio, throughput, drop rate, success rate and density of packet drop, packet forward, packet sent and packet received. The analysiscompares the intensity of the attacks against each other. The simulated result shows a maximum density of packet drop in black hole attack and a minimum density of packet received in flooding attack

Information Retrieval from Emotions and Eye Blinks with help of Sensor Nodes

In everyday life, there are situations where the only way to communicate are emotions. EMOTICONS are the epitome of the same. This aspect of communication can also be used in emergency situations (terrorist attacks, hijacks) where the only way to communicate is by performing some extraordinary actions or through some emotions. Incorporating technology to the above mentioned circumstances the paper proposes a novel framework of detecting an emergency situation by retrieving information from emotions and eye blinks using sensor nodes. The proposed framework can be deployed in places (hotels, banks, airports etc.) which are more suspected to attacks. The framework takes input from real time parameters: eye blinks, emotions, heart rate. Based on behavioral changes, biological changes and physical changes the proposed framework extracts meticulous information. The proposed framework is further validated through implementation of a facial emotion recognition system that successfully recognizes various human emotions. The facial emotion recognition system of the proposed framework is compared with existing SVM technique in terms of accuracy, training and testing error. Accuracy with the proposed system is increased to 78.40% in comparison with existing SVM that is 75.37% and the training error is decreased to 0.004103 whereas with the existing SVM method training error is 0.008935

Hypocellular acute myeloid leukemia with bone marrow necrosis in young patients: two case reports

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Hypocellular variants of acute myeloid leukemia are very rare and almost always occur in old aged patients. In contrast, hypocellular acute lymphoblastic leukemia usually occurs in children.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We report two Indian patients with hypocellular acute myeloid leukemia, a 32-year-old woman and a 13-year-old boy. Interestingly, one of the patients also showed bone marrow necrosis.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Hypocellular acute myeloid leukemia is a rare entity and can affect young individuals. It can be considered as a rare cause of bone marrow necrosis.</p

The Effect of Dual Hyperparameter Optimization on Software Vulnerability Prediction Models

Background: Prediction of software vulnerabilities is a major concern in the field of software security. Many researchers have worked to construct various software vulnerability prediction (SVP) models. The emerging machine learning domain aids in building effective SVP models. The employment of data balancing/resampling techniques and optimal hyperparameters can upgrade their performance. Previous research studies have shown the impact of hyperparameter optimization (HPO) on machine learning algorithms and data balancing techniques. Aim: The current study aims to analyze the impact of dual hyperparameter optimization on metrics-based SVP models. Method: This paper has proposed the methodology using the python framework Optuna that optimizes the hyperparameters for both machine learners and data balancing techniques. For the experimentation purpose, we have compared six combinations of five machine learners and five resampling techniques considering default parameters and optimized hyperparameters. Results: Additionally, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test with the Bonferroni correction method was implied, and observed that dual HPO performs better than HPO on learners and HPO on data balancers. Furthermore, the paper has assessed the impact of data complexity measures and concludes that HPO does not improve the performance of those datasets that exhibit high overlap. Conclusion: The experimental analysis unveils that dual HPO is 64% effective in enhancing the productivity of SVP models

Composition, production, physicochemical properties and applications of lecithin obtained from rice (Oryza sativa L.) - A review

Rice bran oil is a rich source of lecithin and has many beneficial effects on human health. Apart from phospholipids (1-2%), different nutrients like ?-oryzanol, ferulic acid, phytosterols and vitamin B are also present in rice bran oil. These impart emulsifying property, anti-spattering property etc. and therefore, serve as potential nutritional food and nutraceutical. This review describes the composition, production, physicochemical properties, separation of individual phospholipids from rice bran lecithin and its applications in food industry. It is difficult to handle as compared to soyabean lecithin due to the problem of wax entrapment during the isolation of gums. It is characterised on the basis of physicochemical properties viz. solubility in acetone and hexane, colour, peroxide value, moisture content and acid value. Rice bran lecithin can serve as an excellent substitute to the available lecithins as it is non-GM and its nutritional and fatty acid composition imparts many properties which help it to find applications in the food industry. Future work must focus on proper processing of rice bran oil so that the lecithin obtained during processing is of high quality so that it can pave a way in the food sector

Melanotic medullary carcinoma of thyroid – report of a rare case with brief review of literature

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Melanin production in medullary carcinoma is extremely uncommon.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We report a rare variant of medullary carcinoma of thyroid with melanin production in a 52-year-old woman who presented with swelling in the thyroid of 3 months duration. This tumor recurred thrice in two years after surgery and patient died with metastasis. Microscopic examination showed typical morphology of medullary carcinoma with numerous cells loaded with melanin pigment as confirmed by bleached Fontana-Masson, negative iron and immunohistochemical stains. Tumor cells were diffusely immunopositive for calcitonin, HMB-45, chromogranin, synaptophysin, CEA but showed focal paranuclear dot positivity for cytokeratin. No C-cell hyperplasia was seen in the adjacent thyroid gland. Nature of the pigment was further confirmed on ultra structural examination.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Melanotic medullary carcinoma is an extremely uncommon entity. There is a need to report more number of cases in the literature for exact categorization and prognostication of this subtype of medullary carcinoma.</p

Metastatic malignant melanoma in bone marrow with occult primary site – a case report with review of literature

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Metastases of malignant melanoma to the bone marrow are very rare. A few case reports are published in the literature with a known primary site.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>Herein we present a case of metastatic malignant melanoma in bone marrow with occult primary site in a 22- year-old-male. Diagnosis was confirmed by morphology and immunohistochemistry. A pertinent review of literature is also presented by using relevant articles indexed in PubMed (National Library of Medicine) database. The search was based on the following terms: metastasis or metastases, malignant melanoma and bone marrow.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In this report we discuss a rare case of metastatic malignant melanoma to the bone marrow with an unknown primary. Clinicians must be aware of the varied clinical manifestations of disseminated malignant melanoma even if the primary site is not evident.</p